FREDDIE BULL

Cleaning Up After // Longannet Coal Store

Located around the Inner Forth in Scotland, this project proposes a fly ash block factory that transforms toxic industrial waste into a low-carbon construction material. Set within former coal-power infrastructure, it confronts the environmental legacy of fly ash lagoons and contaminated landscapes created through decades of extraction and pollution.

The factory remediates polluted ash while manufacturing construction blocks directly from the waste stream, creating a circular system of environmental repair and material production. By linking architecture to extraction, waste and ecology, the project positions construction as a regenerative act, turning industrial afterlives into opportunities for climate recovery and future development.  

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Zainab Yusuf // My Sustainable Backyard

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Jihyun Kwon // Refinery to Return